-   Binding is an API that provides glue code
	-   Allows language to use a foreign library or OS

## Runtime Environments

### Object Models
- COM 
	- [[C++]]
	- Component Object Model
	- MS only cross-language model
- CLI 
	- [[dotNet]]
	- .NET Common Language Infrastructure
- Freedesktop.org D-Bus
	- Open cross-platform-language model

### Virtual Machines
- CLR 
	- [[dotNet]]
	- .NET Common Language Runtime
- Mono
	- CLI languages
	- Cross-platform
- Adobe Flash Player
	- Tamarin
- JVM
- [[Compilers#LLVM|LLVM]]
- Silverlight