stem/CS/ABI.md

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- How data structures & computational routines are accessed in machine code ([[Code Types]])
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- Machine code therefore hardware-dependent
- API defines this structure in source code
- Adherence usually responsibility of
- [[Compilers]]
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- OS
- Library author
# Components
- Processor instruction set
- Register file structure
- Stack organisation
- Memory access types
- Size, layouts and alignments of basic data types
- [[Calling Conventions]]
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- How function arguments are passed
- Stack or register
- Which registers for which function param
- Parameter order
- Return values retrieved
- How app makes sys calls to OS
- If ABI specifies direct sys calls over procedure calls to sys call stubs then sys call numbers
- Binary format of object files, program files
- For complete OS ABIs
# Complete ABI
- Allows program from one OS to run on any other without change
- Provided all shared libraries and prerequisites etc
# Embedded ABI
- File format, data types, register usage, stack frame organisation, function parameter passing conventions
- For embedded OS
- Compilers create object code compatible with code from other compilers
- Link libraries from different compilers