added sustainability, references to UNSDGs
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urldate = {2020-12-30},
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urldate = {2020-12-30},
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}
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}
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@InProceedings{un-assembly-sustainability-pillars,
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||||||
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author = {{UN General Assembly}},
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||||||
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title = {Resolution adopted by the General Assembly on 16 September 2005},
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||||||
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year = {2005},
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||||||
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organization = {United Nations},
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||||||
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volume = {A/RES/60/1},
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||||||
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groups = {Renewables},
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||||||
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url = {https://www.un.org/en/development/desa/population/migration/generalassembly/docs/globalcompact/A_RES_60_1.pdf},
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||||||
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urldate = {2021-1-2},
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||||||
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}
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||||||
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||||||
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@Book{BrundtlandReport,
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author = {{World Commission on Environment \& Development}},
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publisher = {Oxford University Press},
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||||||
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title = {Our Common Future},
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||||||
|
year = {1987},
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||||||
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isbn = {019282080X},
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||||||
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month = oct,
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groups = {Renewables},
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||||||
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url = {https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/content/documents/5987our-common-future.pdf},
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||||||
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urldate = {2021-1-2},
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||||||
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}
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||||||
|
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||||||
@Comment{jabref-meta: databaseType:bibtex;}
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@Comment{jabref-meta: databaseType:bibtex;}
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@Comment{jabref-meta: grouping:
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@Comment{jabref-meta: grouping:
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|||||||
@ -1,742 +0,0 @@
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|||||||
% Encoding: UTF-8
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@comment{x-kbibtex-encoding=utf-8}
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||||||
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||||||
@misc{gartner-digitalization,
|
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author = {Gartner},
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title = {Gartner Glossary: Digitalization},
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url = {https://www.gartner.com/en/information-technology/glossary/digitalization}
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||||||
}
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||||||
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||||||
@misc{planetsolar,
|
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author = {Jenny Filippetti},
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||||||
groups = {Renewables},
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howpublished = {Online},
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||||||
month = jul,
|
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||||||
title = {PlanetSolar: the first solar powered boat around the world},
|
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||||||
url = {https://www.designboom.com/technology/planetsolar-the-first-solar-powered-boat-around-the-world},
|
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||||||
urldate = {2020-12-16},
|
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||||||
year = {2012}
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||||||
}
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@misc{Radar,
|
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author = {Shilavadra Bhattacharjee},
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groups = {Navigation},
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howpublished = {Online},
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||||||
month = apr,
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||||||
title = {Marine Radars and Their Use in the Shipping Industry},
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||||||
url = {https://www.marineinsight.com/marine-navigation/marine-radars-and-their-use-in-the-shipping-industry},
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||||||
urldate = {2020-12-15},
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year = {2020}
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}
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@book{sonar-slam,
|
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||||||
author = {David Ribas and Pere Ridao and José Neira},
|
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||||||
doi = {10.1007/978-3-642-14040-2},
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||||||
edition = {1},
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||||||
groups = {Navigation},
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isbn = {978-3-642-14039-6},
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issn = {1610-7438},
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month = jan,
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||||||
publisher = {Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg},
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||||||
title = {Underwater SLAM for Structured Environments Using an Imaging Sonar},
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urldate = {2020-12-15},
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year = {2010}
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}
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@misc{maritime-autonomy.vs.autpilot,
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author = {{Sea Machines}},
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groups = {Navigation},
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howpublished = {Online},
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||||||
month = jan,
|
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||||||
title = {Marine Autonomy vs. Autopilot: Know the Differences},
|
|
||||||
url = {https://www.maritime-executive.com/features/marine-autonomy-vs-autopilot-know-the-differences-1},
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||||||
urldate = {2020-12-15},
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year = {2020}
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}
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@article{unmanned-slam,
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author = {Prof R Sutton and Dr S Sharma and Dr T Xao},
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doi = {10.1080/20464177.2011.11020248},
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eprint = {https://doi.org/10.1080/20464177.2011.11020248},
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groups = {Navigation},
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journal = {Journal of Marine Engineering \& Technology},
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number = {3},
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||||||
pages = {3–20},
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publisher = {Taylor \& Francis},
|
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||||||
title = {Adaptive navigation systems for an unmanned surface vehicle},
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||||||
url = {https://doi.org/10.1080/20464177.2011.11020248},
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urldate = {2020-12-15},
|
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volume = {10},
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year = {2011}
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}
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@misc{dyn-pos,
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author = {{Nautical Institute}},
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groups = {Navigation},
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howpublished = {Online},
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title = {Dynamic Positioning},
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url = {https://www.nautinst.org/resource-library/technical-library/dynamic-positioning.html},
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urldate = {2020-12-15}
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}
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@misc{dnv-dp,
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author = {{DNV GL}},
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groups = {Navigation},
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howpublished = {Online},
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||||||
month = jul,
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||||||
title = {Dynamic positioning vessel design philosophy guidelines},
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url = {https://rules.dnvgl.com/docs/pdf/DNVGL/RP/2015-07/DNVGL-RP-E306.pdf},
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urldate = {2020-12-15},
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year = {2015}
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}
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@misc{offshore-dp,
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author = {{Offshore Engineering}},
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groups = {Navigation},
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howpublished = {Online},
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||||||
title = {Dynamic Positioning Classes - Redundancy Levels},
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url = {https://www.offshoreengineering.com/education/dynamic-positioning-dp/dnv-dp-classes-redundancy},
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urldate = {2020-12-15}
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}
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@misc{icom-radio,
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author = {{ICOM}},
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groups = {Communications},
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howpublished = {Online},
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||||||
title = {A Guide to Marine Radio},
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url = {https://icomuk.co.uk/A-Guide-to-Marine-Radio/3995/169}
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}
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@misc{yachtcom-vhf,
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author = {YachtCom},
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groups = {Communications},
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howpublished = {Online},
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title = {Marine VHF Radio},
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url = {http://www.yachtcom.co.uk/comms/vhf}
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}
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@misc{yachtcom-requirements,
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author = {YachtCom},
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groups = {Communications},
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howpublished = {Online},
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title = {Marine Radio Legal Requirements},
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url = {http://www.yachtcom.co.uk/comms/home2020.html}
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}
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@misc{marininsight-ais,
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author = {Shilavadra Bhattacharjee},
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groups = {Communications, Navigation},
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howpublished = {Online},
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month = nov,
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title = {Automatic Identification System (AIS): Integrating and Identifying Marine Communication Channels},
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url = {https://www.marineinsight.com/marine-navigation/automatic-identification-system-ais-integrating-and-identifying-marine-communication-channels},
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urldate = {2020-12-15},
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year = {2019}
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}
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@article{digisat,
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author = {Digisat},
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groups = {Communications},
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title = {Maritime Internet Service},
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url = {https://www.digisat.org/maritime-satellite-internet}
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}
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@misc{deccan-repair,
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author = {Francis D'Sa},
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groups = {Operations},
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howpublished = {Online},
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month = dec,
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title = {How undersea fibre-optic cables are repaired},
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url = {https://www.deccanchronicle.com/technology/in-other-news/161216/how-undersea-fibre-optic-cables-are-repaired.html},
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urldate = {2020-12-15},
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year = {2016}
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}
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@misc{subcom-anim,
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author = {Subcom},
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groups = {Operations},
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howpublished = {Youtube},
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month = jan,
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||||||
title = {Repair Animation - Undersea Fiber Optic Cable System},
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url = {https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r3tPI0qbLaE},
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urldate = {2020-12-16},
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year = {2019}
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}
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@misc{kis-orca,
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author = {KIS-ORCA},
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groups = {Operations},
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keywords = {rank1},
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ranking = {rank1},
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title = {Maintenance / Repair Operations},
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url = {https://kis-orca.eu/subsea-cables/maintenance-repair-operations}
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}
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@misc{schmidt-subastian,
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author = {{Schmidt Ocean Institute}},
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groups = {ROV},
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howpublished = {Online},
|
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||||||
title = {4500 m Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV SuBastian)},
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url = {https://schmidtocean.org/technology/robotic-platforms/4500-m-remotely-operated-vehicle-rov},
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urldate = {2020-12-16}
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}
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@proceedings{suboptic-grapnel,
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author = {Andrew Thomas and Nigel Weaver},
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groups = {Operations},
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keywords = {rank1},
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organization = {SubOptic},
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ranking = {rank1},
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||||||
title = {Advances in Deepwater Cable Maintenance Through New Grapnel Technology},
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url = {https://www.suboptic.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/273_Poster_MN_08.pdf},
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year = {2010}
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}
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@misc{rov-manual,
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author = {{Marine Technology Society ROV Committe}},
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groups = {ROV},
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||||||
howpublished = {Online},
|
|
||||||
title = {Operational Effectiveness of Unmanned Underwater Systems},
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||||||
url = {https://rov.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/manual.pdf},
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urldate = {2020-12-16}
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}
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@misc{noaa-depth,
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author = {NOAA},
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comment = {water depth data},
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month = aug,
|
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||||||
title = {ETOPO1 1 Arc-Minute Global Relief Model},
|
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||||||
url = {https://data.nodc.noaa.gov/cgi-bin/iso?id=gov.noaa.ngdc.mgg.dem:316},
|
|
||||||
year = {2008}
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|
||||||
}
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@misc{noaa-depth-google,
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author = {NOAA},
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howpublished = {Google},
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month = aug,
|
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||||||
title = {Google Earth - ETOPO1 1 Arc-Minute Global Relief Model},
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||||||
url = {https://earth.google.com/web/@-1.09506143,142.69180778,-2789.96992561a,18002923.90380377d,35y,0h,0t,0r/data=Ci4SLBIgYjczNzM1Y2E0Y2FiMTFlODhlMTU3MTM3ODRlMDYzMjMiCGxheWVyc18w},
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|
||||||
year = {2008}
|
|
||||||
}
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@misc{first-solar,
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author = {Jeff Butler},
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groups = {Renewables},
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howpublished = {Plugboats},
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month = may,
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title = {TBThursday 1975: The world’s 1st Solarboat},
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url = {https://plugboats.com/tbthursday-1975-the-worlds-1st-solarboat},
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urldate = {2020-12-16},
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|
||||||
year = {2019}
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}
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@inproceedings{cut-and-hold-paper,
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||||||
author = {Y. {Ejiri} and T. {Mizuguchi} and K. {Oto} and Y. {Yamaguchi}},
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|
||||||
booktitle = {OCEANS 91 Proceedings},
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|
||||||
doi = {10.1109/OCEANS.1991.613945},
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|
||||||
groups = {Operations},
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|
||||||
month = oct,
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|
||||||
pages = {290–295},
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|
||||||
title = {Newly Developed Cut And Hold Grapnel},
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url = {https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/613945},
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||||||
urldate = {2020-12-16},
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volume = {1},
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|
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year = {1991}
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|
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}
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@misc{cut-and-hold-eta-product,
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author = {ETA},
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groups = {Operations},
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||||||
howpublished = {Online},
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|
||||||
title = {Cut \& Hold Grapnel},
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|
||||||
url = {https://www.eta-ltd.com/cut-and-hold-grapnel.html},
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|
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urldate = {2020-12-15}
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|
||||||
}
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@misc{rov-hector-7-datasheet,
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|
||||||
author = {{SIMEC Technologies}},
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groups = {ROV},
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||||||
howpublished = {Online},
|
|
||||||
month = nov,
|
|
||||||
title = {Hector ROVs},
|
|
||||||
url = {http://www.simec-technologies.com/upload/galerie/fiche-hector-2016-50770.pdf},
|
|
||||||
urldate = {2020-12-16},
|
|
||||||
year = {2014}
|
|
||||||
}
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|
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@misc{auv-hugin-superior-datasheet,
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|
||||||
author = {{Kongsberg Maritime}},
|
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||||||
groups = {AUV},
|
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||||||
howpublished = {Online},
|
|
||||||
month = dec,
|
|
||||||
title = {HUGIN Superior},
|
|
||||||
url = {https://www.kongsberg.com/globalassets/maritime/km-products/product-documents/hugin-superior.pdf},
|
|
||||||
urldate = {2020-12-16},
|
|
||||||
year = {2018}
|
|
||||||
}
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|
||||||
@misc{smd-qtrencher-600-datasheet,
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|
||||||
author = {SMD},
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|
||||||
groups = {ROV},
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|
||||||
howpublished = {Online},
|
|
||||||
month = jan,
|
|
||||||
title = {Q‐TRENCHER 600},
|
|
||||||
url = {https://www.smd.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/QT600.pdf_0.pdf},
|
|
||||||
urldate = {2020-12-16},
|
|
||||||
year = {2017}
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
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||||||
@misc{global-marine-atlas-data-sheet,
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|
||||||
author = {{Global Marine}},
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|
||||||
groups = {ROV},
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|
||||||
howpublished = {Online},
|
|
||||||
month = dec,
|
|
||||||
title = {Atlas Series},
|
|
||||||
url = {https://globalmarine.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2019/12/atlantisrovdatasheet.pdf},
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|
||||||
urldate = {2020-12-16},
|
|
||||||
year = {2019}
|
|
||||||
}
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||||||
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||||||
@misc{ultra-map-cable-damage-causes,
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||||||
author = {Ultramap},
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|
||||||
groups = {Operations},
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|
||||||
howpublished = {Online},
|
|
||||||
month = mar,
|
|
||||||
title = {The Biggest Threat to Subsea Cables},
|
|
||||||
url = {https://ultra-map.org/the-biggest-threat-to-subsea-cables/},
|
|
||||||
urldate = {2020-12-16},
|
|
||||||
year = {2020}
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@misc{glboal-marine-st200-datasheet,
|
|
||||||
author = {{Global Marine}},
|
|
||||||
groups = {ROV},
|
|
||||||
howpublished = {Online},
|
|
||||||
month = dec,
|
|
||||||
title = {ST200 Series},
|
|
||||||
url = {https://globalmarine.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2019/12/st200seriesdatasheet.pdf},
|
|
||||||
urldate = {2020-12-16},
|
|
||||||
year = {2019}
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@misc{battery-uni-chemistry-types,
|
|
||||||
author = {{Battery University}},
|
|
||||||
groups = {Battery},
|
|
||||||
howpublished = {Online},
|
|
||||||
month = mar,
|
|
||||||
title = {What's the Best Battery?},
|
|
||||||
url = {https://batteryuniversity.com/learn/archive/whats_the_best_battery},
|
|
||||||
urldate = {2020-12-19},
|
|
||||||
year = {2017}
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@article{lawsone-high-voltage-flow-battery,
|
|
||||||
abstract = {Recently, redox-flow batteries (RFBs) are drawing intensive attention due to their advantages of peak shaving, grid flexibility and long life time. All-vanadium RFBs are most widely employed, but the high cost and toxicity hinder their large-scale applications. As potential substitutes, development of organic-based aqueous RFBs is impeded by a lack of electroactive pairs with combination of high cell voltage and sufficient cycle stability. In this work, a novel biomolecule-based aqueous RFB with high performance was successfully fabricated. Lawsone, a renewable biomolecule derived from natural henna, was developed as a stable anolyte. By paring with 4-HO-TEMPO, the as-assembled RFB exhibits a high operating voltage above 1.30 V, which is among the highest records. Meanwhile, the capacity retention rate reaches 99.992\% per cycle. This work highlights the rational utilization of redox-active biomolecule to construct sustainable, low-cost and high-performance aqueous RFBs.},
|
|
||||||
author = {Pengfei Hu and Hao Lan and Xiao Wang and Yun Yang and Xiaoyu Liu and Hua Wang and Lin Guo},
|
|
||||||
doi = {10.1016/j.ensm.2018.10.017},
|
|
||||||
groups = {Battery},
|
|
||||||
issn = {2405-8297},
|
|
||||||
journal = {Energy Storage Materials},
|
|
||||||
keywords = {Biomolecule, Renewability, Flow battery, Energy storage, Sustainability},
|
|
||||||
pages = {62–68},
|
|
||||||
title = {Renewable-lawsone-based sustainable and high-voltage aqueous flow battery},
|
|
||||||
url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S240582971830895X},
|
|
||||||
urldate = {2020-12-20},
|
|
||||||
volume = {19},
|
|
||||||
year = {2019}
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@misc{workingmouse-digitalisation,
|
|
||||||
author = {David Burkett},
|
|
||||||
howpublished = {Online},
|
|
||||||
month = dec,
|
|
||||||
title = {Digitisation and Digitalisation: What Means What?},
|
|
||||||
url = {https://workingmouse.com.au/innovation/digitisation-digitalisation-digital-transformation},
|
|
||||||
urldate = {2020-12-20},
|
|
||||||
year = {2017}
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@misc{strathclyde-fuel-cell-efficiency,
|
|
||||||
author = {{Green Box Systems Group}},
|
|
||||||
groups = {Battery},
|
|
||||||
howpublished = {Online},
|
|
||||||
month = apr,
|
|
||||||
organization = {University of Strathclyde},
|
|
||||||
title = {Fuel Cell Construction and Performance Characterisation},
|
|
||||||
url = {http://www.esru.strath.ac.uk/EandE/Web_sites/99-00/bio_fuel_cells/groupproject/library/constructionefficiency/text.htm},
|
|
||||||
urldate = {2020-12-21},
|
|
||||||
year = {2000}
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@misc{elec-a2z-fuel-cell-iv,
|
|
||||||
author = {Ahmed Faizan},
|
|
||||||
groups = {Battery},
|
|
||||||
howpublished = {Online},
|
|
||||||
title = {Fuel Cell: Characteristics Curve \& Losses},
|
|
||||||
url = {https://electricala2z.com/renewable-energy/fuel-cell-characteristics-curve-losses/},
|
|
||||||
urldate = {2020-12-21},
|
|
||||||
year = {2018}
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@techreport{circular-energy-li-lca,
|
|
||||||
author = {Hans Eric Melin},
|
|
||||||
groups = {Battery},
|
|
||||||
institution = {Circular Energy Storage},
|
|
||||||
title = {Analysis of the climate impact of lithium-ion batteries and how to measure it},
|
|
||||||
type = {resreport},
|
|
||||||
url = {https://www.transportenvironment.org/sites/te/files/publications/2019_11_Analysis_CO2_footprint_lithium-ion_batteries.pdf},
|
|
||||||
urldate = {2020-12-21},
|
|
||||||
year = {2019}
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@article{argonne-li-ion-lca,
|
|
||||||
abstract = {In light of the increasing penetration of electric vehicles (EVs) in the global vehicle market, understanding the environmental impacts of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) that characterize the EVs is key to sustainable EV deployment. This study analyzes the cradle-to-gate total energy use, greenhouse gas emissions, SOx, NOx, PM10 emissions, and water consumption associated with current industrial production of lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide (NMC) batteries, with the battery life cycle analysis (LCA) module in the Greenhouse Gases, Regulated Emissions, and Energy Use in Transportation (GREET) model, which was recently updated with primary data collected from large-scale commercial battery material producers and automotive LIB manufacturers. The results show that active cathode material, aluminum, and energy use for cell production are the major contributors to the energy and environmental impacts of NMC batteries. However, this study also notes that the impacts could change significantly, depending on where in the world the battery is produced, and where the materials are sourced. In an effort to harmonize existing LCAs of automotive LIBs and guide future research, this study also lays out differences in life cycle inventories (LCIs) for key battery materials among existing LIB LCA studies, and identifies knowledge gaps.},
|
|
||||||
article-number = {48},
|
|
||||||
author = {Qiang Dai and Jarod C. Kelly and Linda Gaines and Michael Wang},
|
|
||||||
doi = {10.3390/batteries5020048},
|
|
||||||
groups = {Battery},
|
|
||||||
issn = {2313-0105},
|
|
||||||
journal = {Batteries},
|
|
||||||
month = jun,
|
|
||||||
number = {2},
|
|
||||||
title = {Life Cycle Analysis of Lithium-Ion Batteries for Automotive Applications},
|
|
||||||
url = {https://www.mdpi.com/2313-0105/5/2/48},
|
|
||||||
urldate = {2020-12-22},
|
|
||||||
volume = {5},
|
|
||||||
year = {2019}
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@article{lithium-lca,
|
|
||||||
abstract = {Battery technology is increasingly seen as an integral element for future energy and transportation systems. Current developments in industry show an increasing number and size of battery producing factories, thus leading to an immense energy demand not only during the production of battery cells but also raw material extraction. Determining the embodied energy of battery cells allows a comparison with alternative energy systems and assessing the overall energy demand that can contribute to define measures for the improvement of its environmental footprint. The present work provides an analysis of the production of battery cells regarding their embodied energy. In order to quantify the embodied energy, a material and energy flow analysis (MEFA) was adapted towards battery production. The methodology focuses on the manufacturing processes and considers indirect and direct energy consumers, different machine states and existing yield losses along the value chain. The approach was applied to the battery manufacturing in the Battery LabFactory Braunschweig (BLB).},
|
|
||||||
author = {Matthias Thomitzek and Felipe Cerdas and Sebastian Thiede and Christoph Herrmann},
|
|
||||||
doi = {10.1016/j.procir.2019.01.099},
|
|
||||||
groups = {Battery},
|
|
||||||
issn = {2212-8271},
|
|
||||||
journal = {Procedia CIRP},
|
|
||||||
keywords = {Modelling, Energy, Sustainable development},
|
|
||||||
note = {26th CIRP Conference on Life Cycle Engineering (LCE) Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA May 7-9, 2019},
|
|
||||||
pages = {304–309},
|
|
||||||
title = {Cradle-to-Gate Analysis of the Embodied Energy in Lithium Ion Batteries},
|
|
||||||
url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212827119301015},
|
|
||||||
urldate = {2020-12-22},
|
|
||||||
volume = {80},
|
|
||||||
year = {2019}
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@misc{wired-lithium,
|
|
||||||
author = {Amit Katwala},
|
|
||||||
groups = {Battery},
|
|
||||||
howpublished = {Online},
|
|
||||||
month = aug,
|
|
||||||
organization = {Wired},
|
|
||||||
title = {The spiralling environmental cost of our lithium battery addiction},
|
|
||||||
url = {https://www.wired.co.uk/article/lithium-batteries-environment-impact},
|
|
||||||
urldate = {2020-12-22},
|
|
||||||
year = {2018}
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@misc{resourceworld-54-lithium,
|
|
||||||
author = {Ellsworth Dickson},
|
|
||||||
groups = {Battery},
|
|
||||||
howpublished = {Online},
|
|
||||||
organization = {Resource World},
|
|
||||||
title = {Lithium Triangle},
|
|
||||||
url = {https://resourceworld.com/lithium-triangle/},
|
|
||||||
urldate = {2020-12-22},
|
|
||||||
year = {2017}
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@misc{ethical-consumer-conflict-materials,
|
|
||||||
author = {Heather Webb},
|
|
||||||
groups = {Battery},
|
|
||||||
howpublished = {Online},
|
|
||||||
month = apr,
|
|
||||||
title = {Conflict Minerals},
|
|
||||||
url = {https://www.ethicalconsumer.org/technology/conflict-minerals},
|
|
||||||
urldate = {2020-12-22},
|
|
||||||
year = {2018}
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@misc{batt-uni-discharge-temp,
|
|
||||||
author = {{Battery University}},
|
|
||||||
groups = {Battery},
|
|
||||||
howpublished = {Online},
|
|
||||||
month = mar,
|
|
||||||
title = {Discharging at High and Low Temperatures},
|
|
||||||
url = {https://batteryuniversity.com/learn/article/discharging_at_high_and_low_temperatures},
|
|
||||||
urldate = {2020-12-23},
|
|
||||||
year = {2017}
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@misc{bat-uni-prolong-liion,
|
|
||||||
author = {{Battery University}},
|
|
||||||
groups = {Battery},
|
|
||||||
howpublished = {Online},
|
|
||||||
month = mar,
|
|
||||||
title = {How to Prolong Lithium-based Batteries},
|
|
||||||
url = {https://batteryuniversity.com/learn/article/how_to_prolong_lithium_based_batteries},
|
|
||||||
urldate = {2020-12-23},
|
|
||||||
year = {2017}
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@misc{eu-current-battery-law,
|
|
||||||
author = {{European Commission}},
|
|
||||||
howpublished = {Online},
|
|
||||||
month = sep,
|
|
||||||
organization = {EU},
|
|
||||||
subtitle = {on batteries and accumulators and waste batteries and accumulators and repealing Directive 91/157/EEC},
|
|
||||||
title = {DIRECTIVE 2006/66/EC OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL},
|
|
||||||
url = {https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:02006L0066-20131230&rid=1},
|
|
||||||
urldate = {2020-12-26},
|
|
||||||
year = {2006}
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@misc{eu-proposed-battery-law,
|
|
||||||
author = {{European Commission}},
|
|
||||||
location = {Online},
|
|
||||||
month = dec,
|
|
||||||
organization = {EU},
|
|
||||||
title = {Proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the council concerning batteries and waste batteries, repealing Directive 2006/66/EC and amending Regulation (EU) No 2019/1020},
|
|
||||||
url = {https://ec.europa.eu/environment/waste/batteries/pdf/Proposal_for_a_Regulation_on_batteries_and_waste_batteries.pdf},
|
|
||||||
urldate = {2020-12-26},
|
|
||||||
year = {2020}
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@misc{mse-supplies-dendrite,
|
|
||||||
author = {{MSE Supplies}},
|
|
||||||
howpublished = {Online},
|
|
||||||
month = oct,
|
|
||||||
organization = {MSE Supplies},
|
|
||||||
title = {Source of Detrimental Dendrite Growth in Lithium Batteries Discovered},
|
|
||||||
url = {https://www.msesupplies.com/blogs/news/source-of-detrimental-dendrite-growth-in-lithium-batteries-discovered},
|
|
||||||
urldate = {2020-12-26},
|
|
||||||
year = {2019}
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@article{SSB-challenges-paper,
|
|
||||||
abstract = {The recent discovery of highly conductive solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) has led to tremendous progress in the development of all-solid-state batteries (ASSBs). Though promising, they still face barriers that limit their practical application, such as poor interfacial stability, scalability challenges and production safety. Additionally, efforts to develop sustainable manufacturing of lithium ion batteries are still lacking, with no prevailing strategy developed yet to handle recyclability of ASSBs. To date, most SSE research has been largely focused on the discovery of novel electrolytes. Recent review articles have extensively examined a broad spectrum of these SSEs using evaluation factors such as conductivity and chemical stability. Recognizing this, in this Review we seek to evaluate SSEs beyond conventional factors and offer a perspective on various bulk, interface and nanoscale phenomena that require urgent attention within the scientific community. We provide a realistic assessment of the current state-of-the-art characterization techniques and evaluate future full cell ASSB prototyping strategies. We hope to offer rational solutions to overcome some major fundamental obstacles faced by the ASSB community, as well as potential strategies toward a sustainable ASSB recycling model.},
|
|
||||||
author = {Darren H. S. Tan and Abhik Banerjee and Zheng Chen and Ying Shirley Meng},
|
|
||||||
doi = {10.1038/s41565-020-0657-x},
|
|
||||||
issn = {1748-3395},
|
|
||||||
journal = {Nature Nanotechnology},
|
|
||||||
month = mar,
|
|
||||||
number = {3},
|
|
||||||
pages = {170–180},
|
|
||||||
risfield_0_da = {2020/03/01},
|
|
||||||
title = {From nanoscale interface characterization to sustainable energy storage using all-solid-state batteries},
|
|
||||||
url = {https://www.nature.com/articles/s41565-020-0657-x},
|
|
||||||
urldate = {2020-12-26},
|
|
||||||
volume = {15},
|
|
||||||
year = {2020}
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@misc{4-ssb-challenges-article,
|
|
||||||
author = {Mark Hutchins},
|
|
||||||
howpublished = {Online},
|
|
||||||
month = mar,
|
|
||||||
organization = {PV Magazine},
|
|
||||||
title = {Four challenges to solid-state battery scale-up},
|
|
||||||
url = {https://www.pv-magazine.com/2020/03/18/four-challenges-to-solid-state-battery-scale-up},
|
|
||||||
urldate = {2020-12-26},
|
|
||||||
year = {2020}
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@inproceedings{flow-battery-energy-density,
|
|
||||||
author = {M. R. {Mohamed} and S. M. {Sharkh} and F. C. {Walsh}},
|
|
||||||
booktitle = {2009 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference},
|
|
||||||
doi = {10.1109/VPPC.2009.5289801},
|
|
||||||
month = sep,
|
|
||||||
pages = {551–557},
|
|
||||||
title = {Redox flow batteries for hybrid electric vehicles: Progress and challenges},
|
|
||||||
url = {https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/5289801?arnumber=5289801},
|
|
||||||
urldate = {2020-12-26},
|
|
||||||
year = {2009}
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@misc{washington-lithium-safety,
|
|
||||||
author = {{University of Washington}},
|
|
||||||
howpublished = {Online},
|
|
||||||
month = apr,
|
|
||||||
title = {Lithium Battery Safety},
|
|
||||||
url = {https://www.ehs.washington.edu/system/files/resources/lithium-battery-safety.pdf},
|
|
||||||
urldate = {2020-12-27},
|
|
||||||
year = {2018}
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@article{li-ion-degradation,
|
|
||||||
abstract = {Lithium-ion batteries are popular energy storage devices for a wide variety of applications. As batteries have transitioned from being used in portable electronics to being used in longer lifetime and more safety-critical applications, such as electric vehicles (EVs) and aircraft, the cost of failure has become more significant both in terms of liability as well as the cost of replacement. Failure modes, mechanisms, and effects analysis (FMMEA) provides a rigorous framework to define the ways in which lithium-ion batteries can fail, how failures can be detected, what processes cause the failures, and how to model failures for failure prediction. This enables a physics-of-failure (PoF) approach to battery life prediction that takes into account life cycle conditions, multiple failure mechanisms, and their effects on battery health and safety. This paper presents an FMMEA of battery failure and describes how this process enables improved battery failure mitigation control strategies.},
|
|
||||||
author = {Christopher Hendricks and Nick Williard and Sony Mathew and Michael Pecht},
|
|
||||||
doi = {10.1016/j.jpowsour.2015.07.100},
|
|
||||||
issn = {0378-7753},
|
|
||||||
journal = {Journal of Power Sources},
|
|
||||||
keywords = {Lithium-ion battery, Failure modes, mechanisms, and effects analysis, Physics-of-failure, Battery reliability},
|
|
||||||
pages = {113–120},
|
|
||||||
title = {A failure modes, mechanisms, and effects analysis (FMMEA) of lithium-ion batteries},
|
|
||||||
url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378775315301233},
|
|
||||||
urldate = {2020-12-27},
|
|
||||||
volume = {297},
|
|
||||||
year = {2015}
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@misc{batt-uni-bms,
|
|
||||||
author = {{Battery University}},
|
|
||||||
howpublished = {Online},
|
|
||||||
month = mar,
|
|
||||||
title = {Battery Management System (BMS)},
|
|
||||||
url = {https://batteryuniversity.com/index.php/learn/article/how_to_measure_state_of_charge},
|
|
||||||
urldate = {2020-12-27},
|
|
||||||
year = {2017}
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@misc{tophat-tms,
|
|
||||||
author = {SMD},
|
|
||||||
howpublished = {Online},
|
|
||||||
month = dec,
|
|
||||||
title = {Work Class ROVs},
|
|
||||||
url = {https://www.smd.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/SMD_2685_ROV_Brochure_pps_low_res.pdf},
|
|
||||||
urldate = {2020-12-28},
|
|
||||||
year = {2016}
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@misc{splash-zone,
|
|
||||||
author = {{Mark Tool \& Rubber}},
|
|
||||||
howpublished = {Online},
|
|
||||||
month = dec,
|
|
||||||
title = {What is the Splash Zone and How to Protect It?},
|
|
||||||
url = {https://www.marktool.com/what-is-the-splash-zone-and-how-to-protect-it},
|
|
||||||
urldate = {2020-12-28},
|
|
||||||
year = {2012}
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@misc{rov-tms-splash-zone,
|
|
||||||
author = {Claudio Paschoa},
|
|
||||||
howpublished = {Online},
|
|
||||||
month = jan,
|
|
||||||
organization = {Marine Technology News},
|
|
||||||
title = {Understanding ROV Launch and Recovery Systems – Part 2},
|
|
||||||
url = {https://www.marinetechnologynews.com/blogs/understanding-rov-launch-and-recovery-systems-e28093-part-2-700532},
|
|
||||||
urldate = {2020-12-28},
|
|
||||||
year = {2015}
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@misc{18650-ecolux,
|
|
||||||
author = {Ecolux},
|
|
||||||
howpublished = {Online},
|
|
||||||
title = {18650 Batteries},
|
|
||||||
url = {https://www.ecoluxshopdirect.co.uk/by-size/18650-batteries},
|
|
||||||
urldate = {2020-12-28},
|
|
||||||
year = {2020}
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@misc{18650.uk,
|
|
||||||
author = {18650.uk},
|
|
||||||
title = {18650 Batteries},
|
|
||||||
url = {https://18650.uk/shop/18650-batteries},
|
|
||||||
urldate = {2020-12-28},
|
|
||||||
year = {2020}
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@misc{18350-fogstar,
|
|
||||||
author = {{Fogstar Batteries}},
|
|
||||||
date = {2020},
|
|
||||||
title = {18650 Batteries},
|
|
||||||
url = {https://www.fogstar.co.uk/collections/batteries/size_18650},
|
|
||||||
urldate = {2020-12-28}
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@misc{hugin-lars-article,
|
|
||||||
author = {{Offshore Engineer}},
|
|
||||||
howpublished = {Online},
|
|
||||||
month = mar,
|
|
||||||
organization = {Offshore Engineer Digital},
|
|
||||||
title = {Kongsberg Develops New LARS for HUGIN AUVs},
|
|
||||||
url = {https://www.oedigital.com/news/477126-kongsberg-develops-new-lars-for-hugin-auvs},
|
|
||||||
urldate = {2020-12-29},
|
|
||||||
year = {2020}
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@article{bms-cost-article,
|
|
||||||
author = {Celine Cluzel and Shane Slater and George Paterson and Rebecca Trengove},
|
|
||||||
journaltitle = {Resource Guide of Battery Power},
|
|
||||||
title = {Cost and Performance of Electric Vehicle Batteries},
|
|
||||||
url = {https://www.batterypoweronline.com/markets/batteries/cost-and-performance-of-electric-vehicle-batteries},
|
|
||||||
urldate = {2020-12-29},
|
|
||||||
volume = {2012},
|
|
||||||
year = {2012}
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@article{bms-cost-report,
|
|
||||||
author = {Celine Cluzel and Craig Douglas},
|
|
||||||
journaltitle = {The Committee on Climate Change},
|
|
||||||
month = mar,
|
|
||||||
title = {Cost and performance of EV batteries},
|
|
||||||
url = {http://www.element-energy.co.uk/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2012/06/CCC-battery-cost_-Element-Energy-report_March2012_Finalbis.pdf},
|
|
||||||
urldate = {2020-12-29},
|
|
||||||
year = {2012}
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@misc{batt-uni-lithium-chemistry,
|
|
||||||
author = {{Battery University}},
|
|
||||||
howpublished = {Online},
|
|
||||||
month = mar,
|
|
||||||
title = {Types of Lithium-ion},
|
|
||||||
url = {https://batteryuniversity.com/learn/article/types_of_lithium_ion},
|
|
||||||
urldate = {2020-12-29},
|
|
||||||
year = {2017}
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@article{li-direct-recycling,
|
|
||||||
abstract = {Direct recycling of lithium-ion is a promising method for manufacturing sustainability. It is more efficient than classical methods because it recovers the functional cathode particle without decomposition into substituent elements or dissolution and precipitation of the whole particle. This case study of cathode-healing™ applied to a battery recall demonstrates an industrial model for recycling of lithium-ion, be it consumer electronic or electric vehicle (EV) batteries. The comprehensive process includes extraction of electrolyte with carbon dioxide, industrial shredding, electrode harvesting, froth flotation, cathode-healing™ and finally, building new cells with recycled cathode and anode. The final products demonstrated useful capability in the first full cells made from direct recycled cathodes and anodes from an industrial source. The lessons learned on recycling the prototypical chemistry are preliminarily applied to EV relevant chemistries.},
|
|
||||||
author = {Steve Sloop and Lauren Crandon and Marshall Allen and Kara Koetje and Lori Reed and Linda Gaines and Weekit Sirisaksoontorn and Michael Lerner},
|
|
||||||
doi = {10.1016/j.susmat.2020.e00152},
|
|
||||||
issn = {2214-9937},
|
|
||||||
journal = {Sustainable Materials and Technologies},
|
|
||||||
pages = {e00152},
|
|
||||||
title = {A direct recycling case study from a lithium-ion battery recall},
|
|
||||||
url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S221499371830059921},
|
|
||||||
urldate = {2020-12-29},
|
|
||||||
volume = {25},
|
|
||||||
year = {2020}
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@misc{price-amron-rov,
|
|
||||||
author = {{Amron}},
|
|
||||||
howpublished = {Online},
|
|
||||||
title = {Outland Technology OTI-ROV-500 ROV Model 500},
|
|
||||||
url = {https://www.amronintl.com/outland-technology-rov-model-500-oti-rov-500.html},
|
|
||||||
urldate = {2020-12-29}
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@misc{price-deep-trekker,
|
|
||||||
author = {{Deep Trekker}},
|
|
||||||
howpublished = {Online},
|
|
||||||
title = {REVOLUTION ROV | NAV PACKAGE},
|
|
||||||
url = {https://www.deeptrekker.com/shop/products/revolution-nav-rov},
|
|
||||||
urldate = {2020-12-29}
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@Misc{wef-cobalt-mining,
|
|
||||||
author = {{World Economic Forum}},
|
|
||||||
howpublished = {Online},
|
|
||||||
month = sep,
|
|
||||||
title = {Making Mining Safe and Fair: Artisanal cobalt extraction in the Democratic Republic of the Congo},
|
|
||||||
year = {2020},
|
|
||||||
groups = {Battery},
|
|
||||||
url = {https://reliefweb.int/report/democratic-republic-congo/making-mining-safe-and-fair-artisanal-cobalt-extraction-democratic},
|
|
||||||
urldate = {2020-12-30},
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@Comment{jabref-meta: databaseType:bibtex;}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@Comment{jabref-meta: grouping:
|
|
||||||
0 AllEntriesGroup:;
|
|
||||||
1 StaticGroup:Communications\;0\;0\;0x8a8a8aff\;\;\;;
|
|
||||||
1 StaticGroup:Navigation\;0\;0\;0x8a8a8aff\;\;\;;
|
|
||||||
1 StaticGroup:Operations\;0\;1\;0x8a8a8aff\;\;\;;
|
|
||||||
1 StaticGroup:UUV\;0\;1\;0x8a8a8aff\;\;\;;
|
|
||||||
2 StaticGroup:ROV\;0\;1\;0x8a8a8aff\;\;\;;
|
|
||||||
2 StaticGroup:AUV\;0\;1\;0x8a8a8aff\;\;\;;
|
|
||||||
1 StaticGroup:Renewables\;0\;1\;0x8a8a8aff\;\;\;;
|
|
||||||
1 StaticGroup:Battery\;0\;1\;0x8a8a8aff\;\;\;;
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
@ -198,6 +198,69 @@ Introduction
|
|||||||
Sustainability
|
Sustainability
|
||||||
\end_layout
|
\end_layout
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
||||||
|
Sustainability defines operating such that the needs of the present can
|
||||||
|
be satisfied without compromising the needs of the future,
|
||||||
|
\begin_inset CommandInset citation
|
||||||
|
LatexCommand cite
|
||||||
|
key "BrundtlandReport"
|
||||||
|
literal "false"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\end_inset
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.
|
||||||
|
\end_layout
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
||||||
|
Although colloquially associated with environmental concerns, sustainability
|
||||||
|
is a wide field with 3 pillars,
|
||||||
|
\begin_inset CommandInset citation
|
||||||
|
LatexCommand cite
|
||||||
|
key "un-assembly-sustainability-pillars"
|
||||||
|
literal "false"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\end_inset
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
,
|
||||||
|
\end_layout
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\begin_layout Itemize
|
||||||
|
Economic
|
||||||
|
\end_layout
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\begin_layout Itemize
|
||||||
|
Social
|
||||||
|
\end_layout
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\begin_layout Itemize
|
||||||
|
Environmental
|
||||||
|
\end_layout
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
||||||
|
Environmental sustainability includes consideration of concepts such as
|
||||||
|
energy usage and production, emissions, water usage and quality, food and
|
||||||
|
land usage.
|
||||||
|
\end_layout
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
||||||
|
The social aspect includes consideration for the effects of war, labour
|
||||||
|
standards, social justice and poverty among others.
|
||||||
|
\end_layout
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
||||||
|
Economic sustainability can define economic growth that takes into account
|
||||||
|
the above concepts.
|
||||||
|
For example, economic development is typically measured in gross domestic
|
||||||
|
product (GDP), however this metric does not include social aspects such
|
||||||
|
as equality, a population's average wage or access to healthcare.
|
||||||
|
\end_layout
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
||||||
|
There are many formal initiatives and goals for sustainable development,
|
||||||
|
the main strategies with which this project aligns itself are the United
|
||||||
|
Nation's Sustainable Development Goals.
|
||||||
|
\end_layout
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\begin_layout Part
|
\begin_layout Part
|
||||||
Vessel Study
|
Vessel Study
|
||||||
\end_layout
|
\end_layout
|
||||||
@ -230,9 +293,9 @@ noprefix "false"
|
|||||||
|
|
||||||
.
|
.
|
||||||
The total load was estimated at 680 kWh per day.
|
The total load was estimated at 680 kWh per day.
|
||||||
As can be seen the oven and food refrigeration make up the majority and
|
As can be seen, the oven and food refrigeration make up the majority and
|
||||||
so 3 methods for refrigeration were investigated in order to find the most
|
so 3 methods for refrigeration were investigated in order to find the most
|
||||||
energy efficient solution.
|
energy efficient solution with SDG 7 in mind.
|
||||||
These included a collection of standard upright fridges, all-in-one cold
|
These included a collection of standard upright fridges, all-in-one cold
|
||||||
rooms and a bespoke cold room.
|
rooms and a bespoke cold room.
|
||||||
All-in-one cold-rooms were the most energy efficient and were selected
|
All-in-one cold-rooms were the most energy efficient and were selected
|
||||||
@ -250,7 +313,7 @@ status open
|
|||||||
\align center
|
\align center
|
||||||
\begin_inset Graphics
|
\begin_inset Graphics
|
||||||
filename hotel-load.png
|
filename hotel-load.png
|
||||||
lyxscale 40
|
lyxscale 10
|
||||||
width 90col%
|
width 90col%
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\end_inset
|
\end_inset
|
||||||
@ -295,13 +358,13 @@ Solar [AP]
|
|||||||
\end_layout
|
\end_layout
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\begin_layout Standard
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
||||||
The scope of the vessel's solar energy capabilities was investigated with
|
The scope of the vessel's solar energy capabilities were investigated with
|
||||||
the intention of supplementing the chemical energy of the ammonia fuel
|
the intention of supplementing the chemical energy of the ammonia fuel
|
||||||
cells.
|
cells.
|
||||||
The capabilities of photovoltaic cells covering an area of the vessel's
|
The capabilities of photovoltaic cells covering an area of the vessel's
|
||||||
footprint are considered and compared with both the financial and carbon
|
footprint are considered and compared with both the financial and carbon
|
||||||
cost in an effort to determine whether the proposal would be effective
|
cost in an effort to determine whether the proposal would be effective
|
||||||
in achieving the goal of net-zero operations.
|
in achieving the goal of net-zero operations and SDG 9 specifically.
|
||||||
\end_layout
|
\end_layout
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\begin_layout Standard
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
||||||
@ -404,8 +467,18 @@ noprefix "false"
|
|||||||
|
|
||||||
.
|
.
|
||||||
Comparing the two graphs, it can be seen that the optimum operating state
|
Comparing the two graphs, it can be seen that the optimum operating state
|
||||||
would be in R-2; in fact drawing excess current and pushing into R-3 can
|
would be in R-2 (figure
|
||||||
damage the cell,
|
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
|
||||||
|
LatexCommand ref
|
||||||
|
reference "fig:fuel-cell-iv-losses"
|
||||||
|
plural "false"
|
||||||
|
caps "false"
|
||||||
|
noprefix "false"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\end_inset
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
); in fact drawing excess current and pushing into R-3 can damage the cell,
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\begin_inset CommandInset citation
|
\begin_inset CommandInset citation
|
||||||
LatexCommand citep
|
LatexCommand citep
|
||||||
key "elec-a2z-fuel-cell-iv"
|
key "elec-a2z-fuel-cell-iv"
|
||||||
@ -546,8 +619,12 @@ Is this valid?
|
|||||||
power should be decoupled from the fuel cells with an electrical storage
|
power should be decoupled from the fuel cells with an electrical storage
|
||||||
buffer in between.
|
buffer in between.
|
||||||
This will allow the buffer to absorb spikes in load draw and allow the
|
This will allow the buffer to absorb spikes in load draw and allow the
|
||||||
fuel cells to increase power generation by increasing active cells instead
|
fuel cells to increase power output by increasing active cells instead
|
||||||
of individual draw.
|
of individual draw.
|
||||||
|
This initiative was conducted with SDGs 7 (Affordable and clean energy)
|
||||||
|
and 12 (Responsible consumption and production) in mind, although goal
|
||||||
|
14 (Life below the water) is also important due to the materials involved
|
||||||
|
in the considered solutions.
|
||||||
\end_layout
|
\end_layout
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\begin_layout Standard
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
||||||
@ -1785,7 +1862,17 @@ Price
|
|||||||
Dendrites are structures of Lithium that can form during charging and dischargi
|
Dendrites are structures of Lithium that can form during charging and dischargi
|
||||||
ng as a result of electrodeposition.
|
ng as a result of electrodeposition.
|
||||||
While this should occur evenly across the electrode, if uneven it can cause
|
While this should occur evenly across the electrode, if uneven it can cause
|
||||||
columns to grow towards the separator.
|
columns to grow towards the separator, figure
|
||||||
|
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
|
||||||
|
LatexCommand ref
|
||||||
|
reference "fig:Dendrites"
|
||||||
|
plural "false"
|
||||||
|
caps "false"
|
||||||
|
noprefix "false"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\end_inset
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.
|
||||||
As these grow they can penetrate through this separator and make contact
|
As these grow they can penetrate through this separator and make contact
|
||||||
with the cathode.
|
with the cathode.
|
||||||
This will cause a short circuit, rapidly increasing heat and potentially
|
This will cause a short circuit, rapidly increasing heat and potentially
|
||||||
@ -3536,6 +3623,12 @@ The following section outlines how the use of an unmanned underwater vehicle
|
|||||||
the scope of available vehicles.
|
the scope of available vehicles.
|
||||||
\end_layout
|
\end_layout
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
||||||
|
The developments are aligned with UNSDGs 9 (Industry, Innovation and Infrastruct
|
||||||
|
ure) and 12 (Responsible consumption and production) for the ability to
|
||||||
|
reduce required fuel usage of the surface vessel.
|
||||||
|
\end_layout
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\begin_layout Subsubsection
|
\begin_layout Subsubsection
|
||||||
UUV Classes
|
UUV Classes
|
||||||
\end_layout
|
\end_layout
|
||||||
@ -4671,7 +4764,7 @@ reference, explain?
|
|||||||
\begin_layout Standard
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
||||||
However, despite the use of a Kalman filter allowing more precise approximations
|
However, despite the use of a Kalman filter allowing more precise approximations
|
||||||
of the vehicle's relative location, the lack of external calibration means
|
of the vehicle's relative location, the lack of external calibration means
|
||||||
that the overall uncertaintiy will still increase over time.
|
that the overall uncertainty will still increase over time.
|
||||||
In land-based robotics this is mitigated through the use of periodic GPS
|
In land-based robotics this is mitigated through the use of periodic GPS
|
||||||
measurements which have low, constant uncertainty and help to place an
|
measurements which have low, constant uncertainty and help to place an
|
||||||
upper bound on the overall error.
|
upper bound on the overall error.
|
||||||
@ -5183,6 +5276,23 @@ The proposed UUV describes an extension to existing ROV capabilities by
|
|||||||
decommissioning sustainably.
|
decommissioning sustainably.
|
||||||
\end_layout
|
\end_layout
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\begin_layout Subsection
|
||||||
|
Onboard Systems
|
||||||
|
\end_layout
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\begin_layout Standard
|
||||||
|
\begin_inset Flex TODO Note (inline)
|
||||||
|
status open
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\begin_layout Plain Layout
|
||||||
|
nav, comms systems
|
||||||
|
\end_layout
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\end_inset
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
\end_layout
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
\begin_layout Part
|
\begin_layout Part
|
||||||
Digitalisation
|
Digitalisation
|
||||||
\end_layout
|
\end_layout
|
||||||
|
|||||||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue
Block a user